Method of rolling rods.



` Patented Aug. I2, |902.

. n m o n. w1 /W W/ m m %/w////////w/ w H mU M .QNKW /MNMN M Y M NN N m nouw l. 0. QB N /1 w@ f W UNITED STATES PATENT-.. OEEICE.

CHARLES A. NIGI-IMAN, OF JERSEY CITY, NEIV JERSEY.

METHOD OF ROLLING RODS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 706,994, dated .August 12, 19de.

` Appnmion nea January z, 1902. serai No. 88,096. et man.)

To all rolt/0m, it 'may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES A. NIGHMAN, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Jersey City, in the State of New Jersey, have inventeda new aud useful Improvement in Methods of Rolling Rods, of

Vwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the production of steel or iron rods by hot rolling; and it consists ina novel method or process and a'novel subprocess or improvement hereinafter described and claimed. l

The objects of the invention are to prevent the formation on the rods of Iins, which, owing to the rapidity with which they chill, cannot be perfectly rolled in, toprevent'any twisting or torsional displacement of the rod in its passage from the next tothe -last pass to the iinishing-pass, and to iusure'perfectly filling the finishing-pass and the production of uniform and perfect rods at increased speed and reduced cost. The final product may beV of round, octagonal, hexagonal, or square cross-section and of any size.

Asheet of drawings accompanies this specification as part thereof.

Referring to the drawings, Figures 1, 2, and 3 together represent diagrammatically a linetrain of rod-rolls, with additions thereto, as means for carrying the present process into effect as applied to the production of round rods. Fig. 4f represents-au elevation of the iinishing-rolls shown at `the top in Fig. 3 enlarged one diameter; Fig. 5 represents a cross-section through the rod in the final pass of the breaking-down rolls, Fig. l, illustrating the product of said rolls. Fig. 6 represents a cross-section through the rod in the corresponding pass of the oval rolls, Fig. 2, illustrating the product of these rolls. Fig. 7 represents a cross-section on the line A B, Fig. 3, showing the oval rod in its guide. Fig. 8 represents a cross-section through the ribbed rod in the corresponding pass of the next to the last rolls, as shown at the bottom in Fig. 3, illustrating the round-rod product of the rib rolls. Fig. 9 represents a crosssection on the line C D, Fig. 3, showing the ribbed rod in its guide. Fig. 10 represents a cross-section through the rod in the corresponding pass of the finishing-rolls, Fig. 4, as adapted to produce'round rods. Figs. 11.,

, 12, 13, and 14 represent successive cross-sections of the rod, illustrating the production of octagonal rods by the same process. Figs. 15 to 18, inclusive, illustrate in like manner the production of hexagonal rods by the same trate in like manner the production of square rods by the saine process in part. Figs. 5 to 2l, inclusive, are enlarged seven diameters from Figs. l, 2, and 3.

Like reference letters and numbers indicate like parts in all the figuresL In theiproduction of round rods according to said process Ipreferably and conveniently reduce the ingot-say four inches square in cross-section'Mto the proper size for a given diameter of rod--say to one and three-sixteenth inches for a one-inch rod-'by the successive passes of a three-high set of breakingdown rolls lY in a customary manner. The square product a is then passed once through said oval rolls 2. This preferred method of reducing the ingot to a square rod of suitable size and then giving it an oval shape is common practice and is not to be understood as constituting part of the novelty upon `which the appended claims are based. The oval product c2 is immediately introduced with a quarter-turn through a guide 3 into the corresponding pass of said rib-rolls Il, where the rod c3 is provided with laterallyprojecting ribs u c, Fig. 8, by corresponding lateral enlargements b b of the pass. Otherwise this the correspondingpassof the finishing-rolls 6 and as the final product a4. In other Words, it corresponds in shape with the iinal product at two diametrieally opposite points c c and between these points is of full size, so as to require no change of shape at these points in the finishing-rolls. The ribs ay so produced on the rod differ from fins iu'that they are not accidental, and are not formed between the collars by the escape of metal at the sides of the passes, and are not confined to the ends of the rod or situated at irregular intervals or of uncertain shape, and are not of such proportions as to render them liable to quickly chill; but theyare purposely formed by lateral enlargements of the pass and extend uni formly the entire length of the rod :and are adapted to retainsuiiicient heat to fully dis pass is of the same shape anddimensions as IOO appear in thebody of thefinished product and to fill out and improve said finished product. The rod a3 passes from said rib-rolls 4 into a guide 5, having a passage-way of corresponding shape adjusted as to size/by screw-bolts d and washers e, as shown in Fig. 9, and is automatically delivered by said guide 5, with said ribs @,perpendicularto the grooves, forming the corresponding `pass of the finishingrolls 6. (Compare Figs. 8, 9, and 10.) `Any twisting or torsional displacement of the rod is precluded by said guides 3 and 5, and these or equivalent means formechanically controlling and guiding the rod are considered essential. Such guiding is especially important between the rib-rolls and the 'finishingrolls, and at this point the continuous ribs d cooperate with matchinglateral enlargements of the passage within `said guide 5 to insure the introduction of the ribs a into the last pass at right angles to the parting of the finishingrolls or perpendicular to the grooves of these rolls, as before described. Within said pass 4of' the finishing-rolls 6 the surplus metal coutained in said ribs a, being still sufficiently hot, owing to the shape and proportions of' such ribs, is forced into the rod, causing every portion of the circumference of the rod to be equally filled out. This is accompanied bya slight elongation, which aids in giving the rod aperfect finish. Reduction in the finishingpass being confined to the relativelyminute ribs a, it is easy to keep the collars of the finishing-rolls 6 in perfect contact, and any escape of metal between them is precluded. Guiding the rod into the finishing-pass `by means of said ribs a and their final utilization in the manner above described distinguish them from ribs heretofore formed on rolled tubes in the process of manufacture as means for expanding the tube at several points to facilitate its escape from the mandrel. In the production of octagonal rods, Fig. 14, according to said process, as illustrated by Figs. 11

to14, inclusive, I proceed in precisely the i lknown construction and is not, therefore,

same manner, and the only change in the apparatus is the modification of the passes of the rib-rolls 4 and the passage of the succeeding guide 5 to make them correspond in shape with Fig. 13 and the passes of the finishing-rolls 6 to make them correspond in shape with Fig. 14.

. HeXagonal rods, Fig. 18, are produced 'inthe same manner, as illustrated by Figs. 15 to 18, inclusive, and square rods, Fig. 21, by the same process in part, as illustrated by Figs. 19 to 2l, inclusive, the square rod 0, being fed directly into the rib-rolls 4 with or without the aid of av guide 3. In' producing all saidangular shapes the laterally-projecting longitudinal ribsaare made of angularforms best suited to disappear perfectly in the finished rods, as illustrated by Figs. 13, 17, and 20; but in all` cases the functions ofsaid ribs are the same-namely, to prevent any torsional displacement or twisting of the rod between the rib-rolls 4 and the finishing-.rolls 6, to supply surplus metal for filling out and ments of a cylinder.

form and at a heat that will insure its incorporation into the body of the rod, and to prevent the formation of fins in the finishingpasses. In all cases, moreover, two portions c c of the circumference, midway between said ribs u, a, are given their final shape in the neXt tothe last pass. In producing round rods a4, Fig. 10, such portions c c are seg- In producing octagonal rods they constitute four of the eight sides. In producing hexagonal rods theyconstitute two of the six sides, and in the production of angles. The process is therefore considered o ne and the same invention, whether ap plied to the production of one or another of v rolls 6 are each preferably provided with a number of passes of graduated sizes, as shown, although but one pass of each set of said rolls is used in my process at a given operation. The different grooves are used, as in some other processes, for rolling rods of different sizes, and thus obviate frequent changes of the rolls.- Such details of the rolls as of the guides 3 and 5 are not, however,'in any sense essential to my process. The number and arrangement of the sets of rolls may also be varied without departing from this invention. For example, the rib-rolls might be vertical and the finishing-rolls horizontal withjoutmaterial change of effect.

The oval rod-guide 3, Figs. 3 and 7, isv of to retain the rolling heat, guiding the ribbed rod and keeping it from twisting by means of IOO IIO

said ribs, and finishing the product by rolling said ribs intothe body of the rod, and thereby filling out and perfecting the rod. 1

` 2. In the method of producing steelor iron voegen 3 het, providing it from end to end at the same roti, and thereby iiliing out and perfecting the operation withiaterally-projectng longitudirod, substantially as hereinbefore specified. nal ribs of uniform shape and of sufeient proportions to retain the rolling heat, gnid- CHARLES A NIGHMAN' ing the ribbed rod and keeping it from twist- Witnesses:

ing by means of said ribs, and iinishing the JAS. L. EWIN,

rod by rolling said ribs into the body of the LESLIE S. LOCKHART. 

